Question 1
The nurse is to instruct the client about the long-term consequences of non-compliance to prescribed medication. Which education strategy would be most appropriate for the nurse to use in order to develop the affective learning domain of the client?

A. Lecture followed by a simple written test.

B. Role playing and group discussion

C. Video presentation and handouts

D. Demonstration and practice

Correct Answer: B. Role playing and group discussion

Rationale: The affective learning domain relates to client feelings, attitudes, values, and emotions. Role playing, group discussion, and values clarification exercises allow learners to explore their attitudes and emotional responses regarding their health choices. Lectures and written tests target the cognitive domain; video presentations and handouts target cognitive/visual; demonstration and practice target the psychomotor domain.

Reference Resource: Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P. A., & Hall, A. M. (2021). Fundamentals of Nursing (10th ed.). Elsevier.

Question 2
A nurse manager is teaching a group of nurses about the levels of prevention. Which example of the tertiary level of prevention should be included in the instruction?

A. Surgery to repair a hip dislocation of an older adult client.

B. Teaching breastfeeding to expectant mothers in a prenatal clinic.

C. Chemotherapy treatment to a client newly diagnosed with cancer.

D. Physical therapy to a patient who has a right sided paralysis from a stroke.

Correct Answer: D. Physical therapy to a patient who has a right sided paralysis from a stroke.

Rationale: Tertiary prevention involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability by interventions directed at rehabilitation, preventing complications, and restoring function. Physical therapy for stroke paralysis is a classic tertiary prevention measure. Surgery or chemotherapy for new diagnoses often falls under secondary/treatment phases, and prenatal teaching is primary prevention.

Reference Resource: Edelman, C. L., & Kudzma, E. C. (2020). Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span (9th ed.). Elsevier.

Question 3
A nurse is establishing health promotion goals for a female client who smokes cigarettes, has hypertension and has a BMI of 26. Which of the following goals should the nurse include?

A. The client will list foods that are high in calcium, which should be avoided.

B. The client will walk for 30 mins a day 5 days a week.

C. The client will increase calorie intake by 200 cal per day.

D. The client will replace cigarettes with smokeless tobacco products.

Correct Answer: B. The client will walk for 30 mins a day 5 days a week.

Rationale: Walking 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week meets cardiovascular and weight-management recommendations (e.g., CDC guidelines of 150 minutes of moderate activity weekly), helping address hypertension and a BMI of 26 (overweight). Smoking cessation is necessary, but replacing it with smokeless tobacco is harmful.

Reference Resource: American Heart Association (AHA) Physical Activity Guidelines; Edelman & Kudzma (Health Promotion).

Question 4 & 31
Which of the following emphasizes that an individual's belief in being personally capable of performing the behavior is required to influence one’s own health?

A. Social Cognitive Theory

B. Self–Efficacy Theory

C. Health Belief Model

D. Transtheoretical Model

Correct Answer: B. Self–Efficacy Theory

Rationale: Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their capability to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments. It is a central concept highlighting personal confidence and capability in health behavior change.

Reference Resource: Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W.H. Freeman.