(Q&A) HESI Medical-Surgical Assignment Exam and Rationale 132 Questions Quizlet

1. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to perform on a client who is hospitalized for Guillain-Barré syndrome that is rapidly progressing?
   A. Respiratory effort.
   B. Unsteady gait.
   C. Intensity of pain.
   D. Ability to eat.
   Answer: A. Respiratory effort.

2. A male client comes into the clinic with a history of penile discharge with painful, burning urination. Which action should the nurse implement?
   A. Collect a culture of the penile discharge.
   B. Palpate the inguinal lymph nodes gently.
   C. Observe for scrotal swelling and redness.
   D. Express the discharge to determine color.
   Answer: A. Collect a culture of the penile discharge.

3. A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is admitted to the telemetry unit with sudden onset of shortness of breath. The nurse observes a new irregular heart rhythm and should perform which assessment at this time?
   A. Check for a pulse deficit.
   B. Palpate the apical impulse.
   C. Inspect jugular vein pulse.
   D. Examine for a carotid bruit.
   Answer: A. Check for a pulse deficit.

4. Which client should be further assessed for an ectopic pregnancy?
   A. A 24-year-old with shoulder and lower abdominal quadrant pain.
   B. A 33-year-old with intermittent lower abdominal cramping.
   C. A 20-year-old with fever and right lower abdominal colic.
   D. A 40-year-old with jaundice and right lower abdominal pain.
   Answer: A. A 24-year-old with shoulder and lower abdominal quadrant pain.

5. Which dietary assessment finding is most important for the nurse to address when caring for a client with diabetic nephropathy?
   A. Drinks a six pack of beer every day.
   B. Enjoys a hamburger once a month.
   C. Eats fortified breakfast cereal daily.
   D. Consumes beans and rice every day.
   Answer: A. Drinks a six pack of beer every day.

6. Which assessment finding is of greatest concern to the nurse who is caring for a client with stomatitis?
   A. Cough brought on by swallowing.
   B. Sore throat caused by speaking.
   C. Painful and dry oral cavity.
   D. Unintended weight loss.
   Answer: A. Cough brought on by swallowing.

7. The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. Which genitourinary system complication should the nurse include in the teaching?
   A. Altered sexual response.
   B. Sterility.
   C. Urinary incontinence.
   D. Decreased pelvic muscle tone.
   Answer: A. Altered sexual response.

8. A 40-year-old female client has a history of smoking. Which finding should the nurse identify as a risk factor for myocardial infarction?
   A. Oral contraceptives.
   B. Senile osteopenia.
   C. Levothyroxine therapy.
   D. Pernicious anemia.
   Answer: A. Oral contraceptives.

9. A client has been told that there is cataract formation over both eyes. Which finding should the nurse expect when assessing the client?
   A. Decreased color perception.
   B. Presence of floaters.
   Answer: A. Decreased color perception.